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Vol 19, No 2 (2020)

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Articles

Sociology of medicine:freedom to be yourself – both a doctor and a sociologist (Based on an interview with Andrey V. Reshetnikov,an Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences)

Reshetnikov A.V., Prisyazhnaya N.V.

Abstract

The article is the quintessence of a detailed conversation, that is, an interview by the author with an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Sociological Sciences, the founder of modern sociology of medicine in Russia, and the Director of the Institute of Social Sciences of Sechenov University Andrey V. Reshetnikov. The interview was officially conducted on the occasion of the academician A.V. Reshetnikov’s birthday. However, other reasons for conducting this interview were as follows: the increased interest of the professional community in the history of the formation of the sociology of medicine — a young but already established branch of “big” sociology — the need for researchers to discuss the theory as a tool for learning the fundamental principles of the development of modern society; and the need to determine strategic guidelines and coordinate the vectors of scientific research in line with the discipline. At the same time, the tireless, painstaking work of Andrey Veniaminovich on the development of the scientific school of the sociology of medicine, the formation of a team of like-minded people, and the strengthening of Russian and international relations between medical sociologists are inspiring examples of the realization of a professional vocation.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):92-101
pages 92-101 views

The creative path of academician of the russian academy of sciences A.V. Reshetnikov at the department of sociology of medicine, health economics and health insurance

Shamshurina N.G.

Abstract

The article presents a brief history of the formation of the Department of Sociology of Medicine, Health Economics and Health Insurance, created at Sechenov University by Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.V. Reshetnikov. The forward-looking vision of the scientific and educational process of the permanent head of the department helps the team to develop, creatively grow, and discover new areas of work. Actualization of socio-humanitarian knowledge, annual updating of bachelor’s and master’s degree programs for more than twenty years has attracted generations of young researchers in the field of sociology of medicine, health economics, and intelligent systems in sociology to the department.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):102-103
pages 102-103 views

Ethical basis of the medical profession: an axiological enquiry

Mettini E.

Abstract

This article discusses the question concerning the application of an axiological approach in medicine being a basically ethical profession. This approach may be used in the dying process, which can be considered an important existential moment both for the doctor and the patient. Using both religious texts of ancient authors and modern philosophers, the study tried to reveal the deepest meaning and ambivalent relationship of humans to such processes as dying and death, by analyzing them from linguistical and axiological (valuable) standpoints and by focusing on “compassion” and eventfulness of a physical phenomenon but not the spiritual disappearance of man from this world. Consequently, highlighting that death and dying are eventful phenomena in human life, this approach can be applied to the doctor–patient relationship, especially in patients with incurable diseases, by carrying out a deep analysis of their life, so that patients would not feel that death is a punishment for their behavior on Earth. In conclusion, the author calls to overcome what French philosopher P.M. Foucault named the “clinical discourse,” which arose when medicine, especially after the Great French Revolution, looked at the patient as a future cadaver, not as a subject of cure of doctors, who when without illness shall become blue collar workers of a country.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):104-108
pages 104-108 views

Effects of stigma and stress on mental health and quality of life

Lipai T.P.

Abstract

Sociological interest in stigma gained attention following the publication of the article Stigma: Notes on Managing Spoiled Identity (Goffman, 1963). Social stigmatization is, to a large extent, a spontaneous process, but its development is carried out within the framework of certain well-established laws of a sociocultural nature. Knowledge of these laws makes it possible to predict possible consequences of this phenomenon, to prevent their onset, and to neutralize the negative effect of the phenomenon on social actors. However, experimental data are insufficient to support explanations for this social phenomenon and the effect of stigma on the quality of life.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):109-111
pages 109-111 views

Assessment of Regional Doctors’ Satisfactionwith Their Professional Activities

Eremina M.G., Kovalev E.P.

Abstract

This study presents the results of the analysis of the satisfaction of doctors in the Saratov region with their professional activities. The study included 594 doctors from state, municipal, and private medical organizations in the region. The social and professional characteristics of the respondents were evaluated. Despite financial deprivation, most of the doctors included in the study expressed satisfaction with their professional activities. The results of this study is possibly explained from the perspective of the phenomenon of “paradoxical” medicine described by academician A.V. Reshetnikov.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):112-114
pages 112-114 views

Motivational factors of professional self-determinationof grade 10–11 students of medical orientation in moscow

Reshetnikov A.V., Litvinova T.M., Prisyazhnaya N.V., Pavlov S.V., Vyatkina N.Y., Andriutsa N.S.

Abstract

The article presents the results of a medical and sociological study of the professional orientation and motivation for higher medical education among pre-professional medical orientation students (grades 10–11) in Moscow. Most students consider being a medical doctor a prestigious profession and were proud of their choice–their most significant motivation for choosing their future field of activity is their desire to become a doctor and an outstanding specialist in their chosen field. The analysis of independent efforts of high school students to improve their knowledge of specialized subjects, which is required for admission to a medical university, generally reflects their high level of motivation to become successful. This is confirmed by the wide range of training received by respondents, the most popular among which are self-training, attending additional classes at school, and training with the help of professionals, such as tutors.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):115-122
pages 115-122 views

Distance education of specialists for healthcare and medicine: sociological analysis of teachers’ opinions in medical universities

Aksenova E.I.

Abstract

The paper presents a sociological analysis of the possibilities of using distance technologies in teaching students with medical specialization. A content analysis of federal state educational standards, programs, and curricula for the training of specialists in medical universities of the Russian Federation was carried out to determine whether it is possible to transfer some aspects of the educational process to a distance form of learning. Through semi-structured interviews, a survey was carried out among teachers who indicated their opinion on distance education for future medical workers. In conclusion, distance technologies for training of health and medical personnel can be used in limited cases that do not require the development of practical skills.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):123-126
pages 123-126 views

"Week of Medical Education - 2020" as a platform for discussing the problems of social and humanitarian knowledge in the era of digitalization of medical education and healthcare

Prisyazhnaya N.V., Pavlov S.V.

Abstract

From September 29 to October 2, 2020, the XI All-Russian conference with international participation "Week of Medical Education - 2020" was held at Sechenov University, within the framework of which the III Annual Symposium "Actualization of socio-humanitarian knowledge in the era of digitalization of medical education and healthcare" was held.

Sociology of Medicine. 2020;19(2):127-128
pages 127-128 views


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