Features of respiratory diseases development at separate and combined exposure to welding aerosol and tobacco smoke
- Authors: Syurin S.A.1
-
Affiliations:
- Northwest Public Health Research Center
- Issue: Vol 100, No 8 (2021)
- Pages: 818-825
- Section: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
- Published: 31.08.2021
- URL: https://rjsocmed.com/0016-9900/article/view/639076
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-8-818-825
- ID: 639076
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Introduction. Welding aerosol is one of the most common industrial fumes, and tobacco smoke is the most common behavioural risk factor for developing respiratory diseases.
The aim of the study was to investigate the features of the structure and prevalence of respiratory diseases under separate and combined exposure to welding aerosol and tobacco smoke.
Materials and methods. The results of periodic medical examinations of workers of underground mines in the Murmansk region and a special assessment of working conditions at these enterprises were studied.
Results. Chronic respiratory diseases were detected in 176 (32.0%) of 550 surveyed electric and gas welders and more often in smokers than non-smokers: 39.8% and 19.9%, p <0.001. Compared with the control group, electric gas welders had a higher prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.033) and bronchial asthma (p = 0.043). Smoking increased the risk of nasal septum curvature with respiratory dysfunction (relative risk (RR) = 1.78; confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.88; p = 0.016), chronic bronchitis (RR = 3.33; CI 1.51-7.34; p = 0.001) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (RR = 6.47; CI 0.83-50.2; p = 0.039). The prevalence of respiratory diseases among electric and gas welders depended on exposure to tobacco smoke.
Differences with non-smokers appeared at a smoking index of 10-19.9 packs/years. The risk of developing respiratory pathology increased with an increase in the smoking index for every ten-pack / years. At the same time, the length of service did not significantly affect the development of respiratory diseases in non-smoking workers.
Conclusion. The data obtained show that smoking cessation should be a mandatory and central element of programs to prevent the development of respiratory diseases in workers exposed to welding aerosols.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.
About the authors
Sergey A. Syurin
Northwest Public Health Research Center
Author for correspondence.
Email: kola.reslab@mail.ru
MD, PhD, DSc., chief researcher of Research department of Arctic public health and living environment, Northwest Public Health Research Center, St.-Petersburg, 191036, Russian Federation.
e-mail: kola.reslab@mail.ru
Russian FederationReferences
- Markova O.L., Kir’yanova M.N., Plekhanov V.P., Ivanova E.V. Health risk factors among electric and gas welders using different types of welding. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2020; (8): 502–10. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-8-502-510 (in Russian)
- Timofeeva S.S. Professional risks of electrical gas welders at Baikal region enterprises and their prevention. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2012; (10): 88–96. (in Russian)
- Markova O.L., Ivanova E.V. Contemporary solutions for bett er air quality at electric welders workplace. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2015; (2): 5–8. (in Russian)
- Lazarenkov A.M. A study of working conditions in foundries when performing welding operations. Lit’e i metallurgiya. 2019; (3): 163–5. https://doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2019-3-163-165 (in Russian)
- Finochenko T.A., Sokolova G.N., Grebennikova S.O. Identification of harmful and hazardous production factors the workplace welder. Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo inzhenerno-pedagogicheskogo universiteta. 2018; (2): 239–46. (in Russian)
- Dubeykovskaya L.S., Zibarev E.V., Chashchin M.V. Welding aerosol as a main unfavorable hygienic factor in welders. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskoy gosudarstvennoy meditsinskoy akademii im. I.I. Mechnikova. 2005; 6(1): 87–91. (in Russian)
- Borskiver I.A. Exposure to welding fumes on the body electric welder (manual arc welding). Recommendations for measurement. Bezopasnost’ i okhrana truda. 2016; (4): 67–70. (in Russian)
- Kirichenko K.Y., Agoshkov A.I., Drozd V.A., Gridasov A.V., Kholodov A.S., Kobylyakov S.P., et al. Characterization of fume particles generated during arc welding with various covered electrodes. Sci. Rep. 2018; 8(1): 17169. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35494-1
- Chashchin M.V., Ellingsen D.G., Kabushka Ya.S., Seldeflot I., Tomassen I., Chashchin V.P. Welding fumes like impakt factor of inflammation and coagulation. Zdorov’e naseleniya i sreda obitaniya. 2013; (5): 14–5. (in Russian)
- Jonsson L.S., Tinnerberg H., Jacobson H., Andersson U., Axmon A., Nielsen J. The ordinary work environment symptoms from eyes and airways in mild steel welders. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 2015; 88(8): 1131–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1041-2
- Krajnak K., Sriram K., Johnson C., Roberts J.R., Mercer R., Miller G.R., et al. Effects of pulmonary exposure to chemically-distinct welding fumes on neuroendocrine markers of toxicity. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. A. 2017; 80(5): 301–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2017.1318324
- Park R.M., Berg S.L. Manganese and neurobehavioral impairment. A preliminary risk assessment. Neurotoxicology. 2018; 64: 159–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2017.08.003
- Chashchin M.V., Kayk E.A., Klimova E.G. Features of differential diagnosis of occupational diseases in welders. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2019; (9): 800–1. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-800-801 (in Russian)
- Koh D.H., Kim J.I., Kim K.H., Yooh S.W. Welding fume exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in welders. Occup. Med. (Lond.). 2015; 65(1): 72–7. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqu136
- Trushkova E.A., Ladnaya E.V. Features of occupational diseases of electric welders when performing welding work in production. Molodoy uchenyy. 2016; (18): 33–4. Available at: https://moluch.ru/archive/122/33781/ (in Russian)
- Babanov S.A., Budash D.S. The state of the cardiovascular system in chronic dust bronchitis, silicosis and pneumoconiosis from exposure to welding aerosols. Meditsinskiy sovet. 2016; (5): 146–9. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2016-05-146-149 (in Russian)
- Pesch B., Kendzia B., Pohlabeln H., Ahrens W., Wichmann H.E., Siemiatycki J., et al. Exposure to welding fumes, hexavalent chromium, or nickel and risk of lung cancer. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2019; 188(11): 1984–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwz187
- Riccelli M.G., Goldoni M., Poli D., Mozzoni P., Cavallo D., Corradi M. Welding fumes, a risk factor for lung diseases. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020; 17(7): 2552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072552
- Chuchalin A.G., ed. Pulmonology. National Guidelines. Short Edition [Pul’monologiya. Natsional’noe rukovodstvo. Kratkoe izdanie]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2020. (in Russian)
- World Health Organization. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2019: offer help to quit tobacco use: executive summary. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/325968
- Balanova Yu.A., Shal’nova S.A., Deev A.D., Kapustina A.V., Konstantinov V.V., Boytsov S.A. Smoking prevalence in Russia. What has changed over 20 years? Profilakticheskaya meditsina. 2015; 18(6): 47–52. https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed201518647-52 (in Russian)
- WHO. Tobacco. Data and statistics. Available at: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/tobacco/data-and-statistics
- Syurin S.A., Rocheva I.I. On the issue of gender characteristics of bronchopulmonary pathology of workers in the copper-nickel industry. Vestnik Murmanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2012; 15(3): 633–8. (in Russian)
- Syurin S.A. Working conditions or smoking: what determines the development of bronchopulmonary pathology in workers of the nickel industry. Bezopasnost’ i okhrana truda. 2013; (2): 66–9. (in Russian)
- Maksimov S.A., Indukaeva E.V., Artamonova G.V. Spread of smoking in the occupational groups of Western Siberia. Profilakticheskaya meditsina. 2015; 18(1): 28–31. https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed201518128-31 (in Russian)
- Radionova A.A., Zlygosteva N.V., Bugaeva A.V., Adrianovskiy V.I. The prevalence of smoking among workers engaged in blister copper production. In: Topical Issues of Modern Medical Science and Healthcare: a Collection of Articles of the V International (75 All-Russian) Scientific and Practical Conference. Volume 1 [Aktual’nye voprosy sovremennoy meditsinskoy nauki i zdravookhraneniya: sbornik statey V Mezhdunarodnoy (75 Vserossiyskoy) nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. Tom 1]. Ekaterinburg; 2020: 677–82. (in Russian)
- Epifanov A.V., Kovyazina O.A., Lepunova A.V., Shalabodov A.D. The impact of working conditions on indicators of cardiorespiratory system and blood in electric welders with different length of work. Ekologiya cheloveka. 2018; (3): 27–33. https://doi.org/10.33396/1728-0869-2018-3-27-32 (in Russian)
- Ross M.H., Murray J. Occupational respiratory disease in mining. Occup. Med. (Lond.). 2003; 54(5): 304–10. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqh073
- Hessel P.A., Gammble J.F., Nicolich M. Relationship between silicosis and smoking. Scand. J. Work. Environ. Health. 2003; 29(5): 329–36. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.739
- Mazitova N.N. The role of smoking and industrial aerosols in the development of COPD among workers of metallurgical industry. Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2008; 89(4): 5385–44. (in Russian)
- Tarnovskaya E.V., Syurin S.A. Impact of lifestyle on bronchopulmonary diseases development in nickel industry workers in Kola Arctic. Ekologiya cheloveka. 2011; (5): 7–11. (in Russian)
- Shilov V.V., Syurin S.A. Influence of smoking and industrial air pollutants on respiratory health of nickel industry workers. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2015; (11): 40–4. (in Russian)
Supplementary files
