The Gut Microbiota and Major Depressive Disorder: Current Understanding and Novel Therapeutic Strategies


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Abstract

:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common neuropsychiatric challenge that primarily targets young females. MDD as a global disorder has a multifactorial etiology related to the environment and genetic background. A balanced gut microbiota is one of the most important environmental factors involved in human physiological health. The interaction of gut microbiota components and metabolic products with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system and immune mediators can reverse depression phenotypes in vulnerable individuals. Therefore, abnormalities in the quantitative and qualitative structure of the gut microbiota may lead to the progression of MDD. In this review, we have presented an overview of the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota and MDD, and the effect of pre-treatments and microbiomebased approaches, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and a new generation of microbial alternatives, on the improvement of unstable clinical conditions caused by MDD.

About the authors

Mohaddeseh Bahmani

Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Saba Mehrtabar

Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Ali Jafarizadeh

Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Sevda Zoghi

Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Cente, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Fatemah Heravi

Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Amin Abbasi

Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Sarvin Sanaie

Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Sama Rahnemayan

Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Hamed Leylabadlo

Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

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