The estimation of the toxic effects of «Complex Plus» agrochemical and perspective use in agriculture

Introduction. The agriculture as a priority sector has an important role in the economy of Armenia. Increased use of agrochemicals strengthen health and environmental issues. To insure the safe use of new preparations, acute and sub-acute studies must to be done. 

In this study, the estimation of the toxic effects of “Complex Plus” formulation synthesized on the basis of imidacloprid and proposed as growth stimulator, insecticide and microelements complex simultaneously has been achieved. 

Material and methods. The oral and dermal LD₅₀ have been established, sensitivity by sex, skin-irritating and allergic effects, effect on the mucous membranes (rats, rabbits) were studied. The results were processed by the method of variation statistics; standard errors, etc. were calculated by the method of probabilistic analysis of Litchfield–Wilcoxon in the modification of Prozorovsky. The values difference was estimated by two-tailed Student’s test (t-test) with significance level at p<0.05.

Results. The acute intoxication was manifested in some disorders of the central nervous system. Oral LD₅₀ was 805±27 mg/kg bodyweight (II Class, WHO; IV class GOST 32419); dermal LD₅₀>2000 mg/kg bodyweight (III class, WHO; IV class GOST 32419). Sex sensitivity and skin-irritating effects were not revealed. The formulation had a moderate irritant effect on the mucous membranes of eyes (rabbits) and no sensitizing effect. Immunological tests in vitro were negative. 

Limitation. Acute toxicity and sensitizing effect of formulation was studied.

Conclusion. Strict complying with the established agrotechnical requirements, hygienic regulations when using the proposed agrochemical will undoubtedly reduce the adverse effects of this formulation on the population and the environment, and will also contribute to development of agriculture in Armenia in the cost-effective way.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of YSMU.

Author contribution:
Poghosyan S.B. — the concept and design of the study, the collection and processing of the materials, writing text;
Muradyan S.A. — the concept and design of the study, the collection and processing of the material, writing text;
Ter-Zaqaryan S.H., Keshishyan A.A., Dzhandzhapanyan A.N. — the collection and processing of the materials;
Mikaelyan A.R. — the concept and design of the laboratory plot tests;
Tadevosyan N.S. — processing of the materials, statistical analysis, writing and editing text.
All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Acknowledgements. The study was conducted on a contractual basis by order of the Armenian National Polytechnics University.

Received: June 6, 2022 / Accepted: March 1, 2023 / Published: April 30, 2023