Dynamics of carbon dioxide emissions from chernozem soils under the forest belt and adjacent arable land in the southern forest-steppe conditions

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to quantitatively assess the dynamics of carbon dioxide emissions from chernozems of the southern forest-steppe under different agricultural uses in the Kamennaya Steppe: under a long-living forest belt and adjacent arable lands. The studies were carried out during the 2024 growing season using the closed chamber method. It was found that the average CO₂ emission rate was significantly higher in the forest belt (2.68 ± 1.02 μmol CO₂ /m2 · s) than on arable land (1.83 ± 1.31 μmol CO₂ /m2 · s), with the exception of June. According to the results of multiple linear regression, in the forest belt area, temperature, humidity and their interaction had a significant effect on emissions (R2 = 0.750, p < 0.0001), while in the arable land, statistically significant predictors were temperature and its interaction with humidity (R2 = 0.767, p < 0.0001). An assessment of the contribution of heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration showed that in the forest belt the share of microbial respiration was more than half of the total flow (58.6%). The results obtained allow to quantitatively assess the differences in the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions from chernozems under two types of land use within the same agricultural landscape.

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About the authors

S. S. Sheshnitsan

Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies

Author for correspondence.
Email: sheshnitsan@gmail.com
Russian Federation, 394087 Voronezh

N. S. Gorbunova

Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies; Voronezh State University

Email: sheshnitsan@gmail.com
Russian Federation, 394087 Voronezh; 394006 Voronezh

A. M. Bakhtin

Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies

Email: sheshnitsan@gmail.com
Russian Federation, 394087 Voronezh

Yu. A. Podrezova

Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies

Email: sheshnitsan@gmail.com
Russian Federation, 394087 Voronezh

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of average daily air temperature (dashed curve) and average daily precipitation (columns) during March – September 2024 according to data from the Kamennaya Steppe AMS.

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3. Fig. 2. Dynamics of carbon dioxide emissions from chernozems under the forest belt (LB) and arable land (P) in Kamennaya Steppe during the 2024 growing season: median is the middle line, 25th and 75th quartiles are the box, whiskers are the minimum and maximum values. The significance level of differences according to the results of the Mann-Whitney U test: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.0001.

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4. Fig. 3. Comparison of carbon dioxide emissions from chernozems under the forest belt (LB) and arable land (P) in Kamennaya Steppe (a) in different experimental variants and the microbial respiration enhancement coefficient (b). Experimental variants: K – with roots, BC – without roots, I – original soil (control), +B – soil with the addition of distilled water, +B+C – soil with the addition of a glucose solution in distilled water. The significance level of differences according to the t-test results: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.0001.

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