Использование термолизных масел в качестве компонентов сырья каталитического крекинга

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Abstract

Исследованы термолизные масла, полученные термической обработкой полимерных отходов, в качестве потенциального компонента сырья каталитического крекинга с целью производства моторных топлив и олефинов. Показано, что введение в базовое сырье каталитического крекинга (вакуумные дистилляты нефти) термолизного масла в количестве до 30 мас.% не приводит к критическим изменениям в материальном балансе или эффективности процесса. Выявлено, что повышенное содержание олефинов, парафинов и нафтенов в термолизном масле способствует увеличению конверсии сырья и выхода целевых продуктов (бензина, пропилена). Наличие примесей в виде органических соединений железа и натрия в составе сырья способствует дезактивации катализатора: накопление Fe повышает выход кокса до 6,7 мас.% и снижает активность катализатора, натрийразрушает цеолитную структуру катализатора (его активность снижается до 13 мас.% — на 72 отн.% меньше по сравнению с чистым катализатором), Са и Al оказывают минимальное влияние. Показано, что использование термолизных масел без предварительной очистки от металлических примесей ограничено из-за риска отравления катализатора вследствие их накопления при сохранении низкого расхода катализатора. Рекомендовано ограничивать долю термолизного масла в смеси с классическим сырьем нефтяного происхождения до 5–10 мас.% и контролировать уровень железа и натрия в смеси. Полученные данные расширяют возможности переработки полимерных отходов в рамках существующих технологий, применяемых на НПЗ.

About the authors

A. S. Gilyazutdinova

Center for New Chemical Technologies, Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk, 644040 Russia

V. A. Koveza

Center for New Chemical Technologies, Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk, 644040 Russia

T. V. Bobkova

Center for New Chemical Technologies, Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk, 644040 Russia

O. V. Potapenko

Center for New Chemical Technologies, Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk, 644040 Russia

Email: potap@ihcp.ru

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