Vaccine prevention of Hepatitis B in adults: social aspects of the lack of its efficacy

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Abstract

In Russia and the Kirov region (KR) there was a tendency to the reduction of the incidence rate of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in adults due to vaccine prevention.

Objective is to study the impact of the additional vaccination of adults from HBV-infection in 2007-2014 on the incidence rate of chronic hepatitis B on the example of the Kirov region; to assess the level of awareness of the “naive” population concerning epidemiology, outcomes and vaccine prevention of  hepatitis B  in  the total group and in dependence on the age.

Material and Methods. We treated data of Federal Supervision Service for Consumer’s Rights Protection and Human Welfare in the Russian Federation and KR on infectious diseases for the period of 1999-2014; State report on sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation for 1998-2014, in the KR — for  2006-2014. With the help of the original questionnaire  850 persons aged of from 16 to 80 years, resided in the city of Kirov and the Kirov region, were interviewed anonymously, in 2013-15. Out of them for the comparison there were selected 2 groups: Group 1: cases aged of 18-35 years; Group 2: persons aged of 36-59 years.

Results. The reason for the slow decrease in the incidence rate of chronic hepatitis B may be poor (20.3-64%) adult immunization coverage in 2007-2012. Poll “naive” adults revealed insufficient knowledge of epidemiology and outcomes of chronic hepatitis B, a good — questions vaccination of hepatitis B (81.8%).  The survey of “naive” adults revealed the level of knowledge of the epidemiology and outcomes of HBV to be insufficient, the level concerning questions of vaccine prophylaxis for HBV to be good (81.8%). Awareness of HBV-infection depended on the age. Participants from the 2nd group had higher levels of general education. They knew ways of hepatitis B virus  transmission significantly better but less about adverse outcomes of hepatitis B (11.0% cases) if compared with those of group 1,  they showed more negative attitude to vaccination (30.8%) and failed to anticipate the possibility of antiviral therapy of Hepatitis B (27.7%).

Conclusion. The lack of awareness on the epidemiology and outcomes of hepatitis B can be one of the reasons for the refusal of vaccination in  persons aged of 36-59 years. The medical community must actualize the problem of HBV-infection for promotion of immunization coverage and achieving of inoculations coverage up to 80-90%.

About the authors

Svetlana V. Baramzina

Kirov State Medical Academy

Author for correspondence.
Email: sw3837@mail.ru

MD, PhD., assistant professor of infectious diseases Kirov State Medical Academy, Kirov, 610027, Russian Federation.

e-mail: sw3837@mail.ru

Russian Federation

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