Substantiation of marker indicators of diseases of the respiratory organs and the blood system in children with elevated blood levels of copper, nickel and chromium

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Abstract

Introduction. An urgent hygienic problem in regions with intensive industrial development is inadequate air quality, which causes unacceptable risks of developing somatic diseases among the population in their places of permanent residence.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the associative relationships of indicators of negative effects on the respiratory organs and the blood system with an elevated blood content of copper, nickel and chromium in children.

Materials and methods. A hygienic assessment of the quality of ambient air in residential buildings was carried out, the risk was assessed, chemical-analytical, biochemical, general clinical, immunological and proteomic studies and statistical analysis were performed.

Results. Established associative relationships of increased blood levels of copper, nickel and chromium with a change in the indicators of negative effects. Markers of the formation of chronic inflammation, accompanied by an imbalance of cellular and humoral immunity, are a decrease in the phagocytic index and number, overproduction of copper-specific IgG, total IgG; markers of a possible violation of the cascade of enzymatic reactions of the plasma system of blood coagulation and vascular-platelet hemostasis is a decine in the expression of prothrombin, vitronectin and hemoglobin beta subunit; development of induction of oxidative processes including an increase in MDA in blood plasma.

Limitations. The conducted study does not make it possible to draw unambiguous conclusions about the effect of the studied chemicals on changes in biochemical and hematological parameters,and as well as morbidity rates, since the possibility of the impact of other factors (heredity, gender and age characteristics) not studied in this work is not excluded.

Conclusion. It is expedient to use the obtained results for the implementation of targeted measures to prevent negative consequences on the part of the respiratory system, the immune system, and the blood system, etiopathogenetically associated with the aerogenic combined effect of nickel, chromium and copper oxides.

Compliance with ethical standards. Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Population Health Risk Management of Rospotrebnadzor (protocol No. 1 dated February 6, 2021), and was conducted in accordance with generally accepted scientific principles of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association (2013).

Contribution:
Zemlyanova M.A. — the concept and design of the study, editing, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article;
Zaitseva N.V. — concept and design of the study, approval of the final version of the article;
Ustinova O.Yu. — study concept and design, editing;
Koldibekova Yu.V. — concept and design of the study, statistical processing of the material, writing the text;
Kobjakova O.A. — collection and processing of material, writing the text.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Acknowledgment. The work was carried out in accordance with the State Assignment (State Assignment no. 141-03-2021-029/3 dated September 22, 2021) of the Russian Federation as part of the implementation of the program «Ensuring the chemical and biological safety of the Russian Federation” for the period 2021–2024.»

Received: September 6, 2022 / Accepted: October 3, 2022 / Published: November 30, 2022 

About the authors

Marina A. Zemlyanova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Author for correspondence.
Email: zem@fcrisk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8013-9613

MD, PhD, DSci, Professor, Head of Biochemical and Cytogenetic Diagnostic Techniques Department, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation.

e-mail: zem@fcrisk.ru

Russian Federation

Nina V. Zaitseva

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2356-1145
Russian Federation

Juliya V. Koldibekova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3924-4526
Russian Federation

Olga Yu. Ustinova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9916-5491
Russian Federation

Olga A. Kobjakova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8360-4090
Russian Federation

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