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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Sociology of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sociology of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Социология медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2810</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2942</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">700620</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/socm700620</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GPUJAQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICAL SOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИКО-СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Behavioral models of the elderly population of the Grodno Region, Republic of Belarus, regarding medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Модели поведения пожилого населения Гродненской области Республики Беларусь по отношению к медицинской помощи на примере пандемии COVID-19: одномоментное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-8385</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3697-5235</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Surmach</surname><given-names>Marina Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурмач</surname><given-names>Марина Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>marina_surmach@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-296X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2480-2402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korneiko</surname><given-names>Pavel L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнейко</surname><given-names>Павел Леонтьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><email>pavelkorneiko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Grodno State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Гродненский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-03-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>267</fpage><lpage>274</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-13"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsocmed.com/1728-2810/article/view/700620">https://rjsocmed.com/1728-2810/article/view/700620</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>With age, the burden of accumulated morbidity increases and is largely determined by behavioral factors. Under conditions of a threat to life and health caused by a pandemic, the choice of a behavioral model for seeking medical care becomes especially evident.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>This work aimed to determine behavioral models of the elderly population of the Grodno region when seeking medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>Based on data from a survey of 1270 individuals aged 60 years and older living in the Grodno region (the sample is representative by sex and type of residence), respondents’ answers regarding prior COVID-19 infection and the influence of sociodemographic factors on the choice of behavioral model in relation to the disease were analyzed.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>A history of COVID-19 infection was reported by 71.26% of respondents, regardless of sex, type of residence, employment, marital status, and age. Most respondents (95% CI, 36.91–43.98) received outpatient treatment (rank 1), whereas inpatient care was required for approximately every fifth to sixth participant (rank 3). The second most frequent behavioral model (every fourth respondent) was not seeking medical care: respondents indicated that they had “recovered while continuing their usual activities” or were unable to confirm illness (response option “do not know” to the question “Have you had COVID-19?”). A tendency toward a higher prevalence of this model among men was identified, which may have contributed to later seeking of medical care and, consequently, more frequent hospitalization compared with women [21.3% (95% CI, 16.81–26.61) vs 15.56% (95% CI, 12.56–19.11); <italic>p</italic> = 0.043].</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>A high prevalence of not seeking medical care among elderly individuals was identified. The absence of an association between place of residence (urban/rural), age, employment, presence of children, and marital status and the choice of this behavioral model indicates its stability with respect to sociodemographic factors and highlights the need to develop additional mechanisms to stimulate medical care–seeking behavior in the population.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>С возрастом бремя накопленной заболеваемости увеличивается, что во многом определяется поведенческими факторами. В условиях угрозы жизни и здоровью, обусловленной пандемией, особенно отчётливо проявляется выбор той или иной модели поведения в отношении обращения за медицинской помощью.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования. </bold>Установить модели поведения пожилого населения Гродненской области при обращении за медицинской помощью в период пандемии COVID-19.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>По материалам базы данных опроса 1270 человек в возрасте 60 лет и старше, проживающих в Гродненской области (выборка репрезентативна по полу и типу проживания), выполнен анализ ответов респондентов о перенесённой инфекции COVID-19 и влиянии социально-демографических факторов на выбор модели поведения в связи с заболеванием.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>О перенесённой COVID-19-инфекции сообщили 71,26% респондентов независимо от пола, типа проживания, занятости, семейного положения и возраста. Большинство опрошенных [95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 36,91–43,98] получали амбулаторное лечение (1-е ранговое место), тогда как стационарная помощь потребовалась примерно каждому пятому–шестому участнику исследования (3-е ранговое место). Второй по частоте моделью поведения (каждый четвёртый респондент) было необращение за медицинской помощью: респонденты указывали, что «переболели “на ногах”» либо затруднялись подтвердить факт заболевания (вариант «не знаю» на вопрос «Болели ли Вы COVID-19?»). Выявлена тенденция к большей распространённости данной модели у мужчин, что могло способствовать их более позднему обращению за медицинской помощью и, как следствие, более частой госпитализации по сравнению с женщинами [21,3% (95% ДИ 16,81–26,61) против 15,56% (95% ДИ 12,56–19,11); <italic>р</italic>=0,043].</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Установлена высокая распространённость необращения за медицинской помощью среди лиц пожилого возраста. Отсутствие влияния типа проживания (город/село), возраста, занятости, наличия детей, семейного положения на выбор данной модели поведения свидетельствует о её устойчивости к социально-демографическим факторам и указывает на необходимость разработки дополнительных механизмов стимулирования медицинской активности населения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>health behavior</kwd><kwd>delivery of health care</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 pandemic</kwd><kwd>aged</kwd><kwd>Grodno region</kwd><kwd>Republic of Belarus</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модели поведения</kwd><kwd>медицинская помощь</kwd><kwd>пандемия COVID-19</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd><kwd>Гродненская область</kwd><kwd>Республика Беларусь</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Белорусский Республиканский Фонд Фундаментальных исследований</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>Г24У-007</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Supported by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research (grant G24U-007, dated May 2, 2024).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">При поддержке Белорусского республиканского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант Г24У-007 от 02.05.2024).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Hajek A, König HH. 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