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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="brief-report" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Sociology of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sociology of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Социология медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2810</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2942</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">696257</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/socm696257</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">TFJMKH</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOETHICS AND MEDICAL LAW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОЭТИКА И МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Short Communication</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Transformation of human pain into a legal procedure: a cross-sectional study based on content analysis of court cases on compensation for harm to life and health</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Трансформация человеческой боли в юридическую процедуру: одномоментное исследование по материалам контент-анализа судебных дел о возмещении вреда жизни и здоровью</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9872-1417</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5045-9166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmenkov</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьменков</surname><given-names>Владимир Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Philosophy)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. филос. наук</p></bio><email>kuzmenkov_v_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-5274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabdenova</surname><given-names>Aizhan B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабденова</surname><given-names>Айжан Базархановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Sociology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. социол. наук</p></bio><email>Aizhan.Shabdenova@kaznu.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-практический клинический центр диагностики и телемедицинских технологий Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный университет им. Аль-Фараби</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-02-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>293</fpage><lpage>298</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-11-14"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsocmed.com/1728-2810/article/view/696257">https://rjsocmed.com/1728-2810/article/view/696257</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Sociological aspects of relationships between patients and medical organizations in situations involving harm to life and health remain insufficiently studied despite the availability of official judicial statistics. Existing studies of legal language rarely focus on judicial acts as a source for analyzing social relationships. The present study aims to address this gap.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>This study aimed to explore social relationships between patients and medical organizations regarding compensation for harm to life and health using content analysis of judicial acts.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>A cross-sectional study was conducted using content analysis. The sample included 112 judicial acts in cases on compensation for harm to life and health, selected from the ConsultantPlus database for 2021–2025. The texts of the acts were combined into a single corpus and processed using the NLTK library in the Python 3.11 environment, including tokenization, lemmatization, and frequency analysis. Common and standard legal terms were excluded from the analysis.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>Based on the analysis of the 200 most frequent words, four semantic groups describing the problem field were identified: “Core of Legal Violation” (care, defect, violation), “Consequences for the Patient” (harm, health, suffering), “Standards of Proof” (expert examination, causation, conclusion), and “Judicial Process and Claims” (compensation, reimbursement, hospital). Three key contradictions were identified: 1) a conflict between formalized procedures and the patient’s personal experience; 2) bureaucratization of suffering; and 3) the dual nature of medicine as both a sphere of care and a domain of market relations.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>Content analysis of judicial acts confirmed its effectiveness as a method for sociological interpretation of legal conflicts. The results revealed a complex interplay of meanings and motivations among the participants in the process. The main limitation of the study is the sample size; more detailed conclusions require analysis of a larger number of judicial acts, taking into account regional and court-level characteristics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Социологические аспекты отношений между пациентом и медицинской организацией в ситуациях причинения вреда жизни и здоровью остаются недостаточно изученными, несмотря на доступность официальной судебной статистики. Существующие исследования языка права редко фокусируются на судебных актах как на источнике анализа социальных отношений. Настоящее исследование направлено на восполнение этого пробела.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования. </bold>Раскрыть социальные отношения между пациентом и медицинской организацией по поводу возмещения вреда жизни и здоровью пациента с помощью метода контент-анализа судебных актов.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Проведено одномоментное исследование методом контент-анализа. Выборку составили 112 судебных актов по делам о возмещении вреда жизни и здоровью, отобранных из базы данных «КонсультантПлюс» за 2021–2025 гг. Тексты актов были объединены в единый массив и обработаны с использованием библиотеки NLTK в среде Python 3.11 с проведением токенизации, лемматизации и частотного анализа. Из анализа исключены общеупотребительные и стандартные юридические термины.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>На основе анализа 200 наиболее частотных слов выделены четыре смысловые группы, описывающие проблемное поле: «Ядро правового нарушения» (помощь, дефект, нарушение), «Последствия для пациента» (вред, здоровье, страдание), «Стандарты доказывания» (экспертиза, связь, заключение) и «Судебный процесс и исковые требования» (компенсация, возмещение, больница). Выявлены три ключевых противоречия: 1) конфликт между формализованными процедурами и личным опытом пациента; 2) бюрократизация страдания; 3) двойственная природа медицины как сферы помощи и товарно-денежных отношений.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Контент-анализ судебных актов подтвердил свою эффективность как метод социологической интерпретации правовых конфликтов. Полученные результаты выявили сложное переплетение смыслов и мотиваций участников процесса. Основным ограничением исследования является объём выборки; для получения более детализированных выводов требуется анализ большего числа судебных актов с учётом региональной и инстанционной специфики.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>civil liability of medical organizations</kwd><kwd>medical errors</kwd><kwd>content analysis</kwd><kwd>delivery of health care</kwd><kwd>health services</kwd><kwd>personal injury</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гражданско-правовая ответственность медицинских организаций</kwd><kwd>медицинская ошибка</kwd><kwd>контент-анализ</kwd><kwd>медицинская помощь</kwd><kwd>медицинская услуга</kwd><kwd>причинение вреда здоровью</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Reshetnikov AV. Sociology of medicine: textbook. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2016. 368 p. 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