Sociology of MedicineSociology of MedicineСоциология медицины1728-28102413-2942Eco-Vector64334710.17816/socm643347SYGEDEMEDICAL SOCIOLOGICAL STUDIESМЕДИКО-СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯReview ArticleCurrent scientific approaches to understanding patient-centered healthcareСовременные научные подходы к пониманию пациентоориентированности здравоохраненияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-079X4943-6121RomanovaTatyana E.РомановаТатьяна Евгеньевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

канд. мед. наук, доцент

romanova_te@mail.ruPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityПриволжский исследовательский медицинский университет140220252505202524115232312202405022025Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор2025Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://rjsocmed.com/1728-2810/article/view/643347

Demographic changes, the digitalization of society and medicine, and economic crises have created an urgent need to shift from a biomedical healthcare system focused on diseases and medical technologies to new models of healthcare delivery. When discussing new concepts of healthcare development, terms such as patient-centeredness and patient-centered medical care are frequently used, but without clear definition.

To analyze the terminology related to the development of patient-centered healthcare at the present stage.

The reference sources were reviewed and selected using keywords and their combinations in Russian and foreign electronic library systems and databases.

The analysis has shown that patient-centeredness is considered in several contexts: as a conceptual framework for healthcare development, a healthcare delivery model, a principle of healthcare organization, and a defining characteristic of healthcare services, medical institutions, and healthcare professionals. The fundamental characteristics of patient-centeredness include treating patients as individuals, considering their lived experiences, collaborative decision-making, and effective communication between patients and healthcare providers.

Patient-centeredness is the basis of many healthcare concepts and models, which have similar ideological foundations. It may be considered as a principle of healthcare provision, which is based on the high responsiveness of the healthcare system and its representatives at all levels to the patient’s wishes regarding the process and results of the provision of healthcare services, as well as advanced healthcare capabilities.

Изменения демографии, цифровизация общества и медицины, кризисные явления в экономике обусловили актуальность перехода от биомедицинской системы здравоохранения, сфокусированной на болезни и медицинских технологиях, к новым моделям оказания медицинской помощи. При обсуждении новых концепций дальнейшего развития здравоохранения активно используются понятия «пациентоориентированность», «медицинская помощь, ориентированная на пациента» и другие, однако отсутствует чёткое определение данного термина.

Цель данного исследования — анализ понятийного аппарата, связанного с развитием пациентоориентированности здравоохранения на современном этапе.

Поиск и отбор необходимых источников провели с использованием российских и зарубежных электронно-библиотечных систем и баз данных по ключевым словам и их комбинациям.

Анализ источников показал, что понятие «пациентоориентированность» рассматривается в аспекте создания концепции (системы взглядов) развития здравоохранения, модели оказания медицинской помощи, принципа организации медицинской помощи и характеристики медицинской помощи, медицинского учреждения или сотрудника. К основным характеристикам пациентоориентированности относят: отношение к пациенту как к личности, учёт опыта пациента, совместное принятие решений, обеспечение эффективной коммуникации между пациентом и врачом.

Пациентоориентированность является основой множества концепций и моделей развития здравоохранения, которые имеют схожие идеологические основы. Это позволяет рассматривать её как принцип предоставления медицинской помощи, который основывается на высокой отзывчивости системы здравоохранения и её представителей на всех уровнях к пожеланиям пациента относительно процесса и результатов оказания медицинских услуг, а также современных возможностях здравоохранения.

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