<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Sociology of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sociology of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Социология медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2810</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2942</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">619132</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/socm619132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTHCARE DIGITALIZATION</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Problematic aspects of medical artificial intelligence. Part 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблемы медицинского искусственного интеллекта. Часть 1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3211-0899</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8316-7111</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berdutin</surname><given-names>Vitalii A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бердутин</surname><given-names>Виталий Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>vberdt@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-079X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4943-6121</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>Tatyana E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>drmedromanova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1815-5436</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9014-6344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Сергей Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>director@pomc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7403-7744</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5602-2435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abaeva</surname><given-names>Olga P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абаева</surname><given-names>Ольга Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. </p></bio><email>abaevaop@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Research Center — Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации — Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А.И. Бурназяна</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Privolzhsky Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Privolzhsky District Medical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Приволжский окружной медицинский центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Research Center — Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации — Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А.И. Бурназяна</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-06-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>202</fpage><lpage>211</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-25"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-28"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-12-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsocmed.com/1728-2810/article/view/619132">https://rjsocmed.com/1728-2810/article/view/619132</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Artificial intelligence, like medicine, is a dynamically developing field that can be considered both a science and an art. This makes it much more difficult to use artificial intelligence compared to other technologies that come with a user manual.</p> <p>Research and start-ups in the field of medical artificial intelligence are rapidly multiplying: the popularity of smart mobile devices, networked applications and remote digital services is growing. However, there are still some problems that complicate the widespread use of artificial intelligence algorithms in everyday clinical practice. The reasons for this are the high cost of operating neural network platforms and the limited qualifications of some medical professionals in the field of computer technology. These are only temporary difficulties, though, which should and will be gradually resolved.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> This article focuses on the most sensitive points that are currently hindering the accelerated progress of machine learning in healthcare.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Медицинский искусственный интеллект — динамично развивающееся направление, к которому нужно относиться не только как к науке, но и как к искусству. Это значительно усложняет эксплуатацию искусственного интеллекта по сравнению с компьютерными программами, снабжаемыми пользовательской инструкцией.</p> <p>Инновации в области медицинского искусственного интеллекта стремительно множатся: растет популярность умных мобильных устройств, сетевых приложений и удаленных цифровых сервисов. Однако существует ряд серьезных проблем, затрудняющих широкое использование алгоритмов искусственного интеллекта в повседневной клинической практике. Причинами сложностей являются высокая стоимость разработки нейросетевых платформ и недостаточный уровень квалификации медицинского персонала в области цифровых технологий. Однако есть веские основания полагать, что данные трудности со временем будут постепенно преодолеваться.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> В данной статье рассмотрены наиболее проблемные аспекты, препятствующие прогрессу технологий машинного обучения в здравоохранении.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>neural network</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>нейронная сеть</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prisyazhnaya NV, Reshetnikov AV. Education in a pandemic: vectors of digital transformation. Sociological research. 2022;(4):149-151. EDN: IVSVOX doi: 10.31857/S013216250018694-6 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Присяжная Н.В., Решетников А.В. Образование в условиях пандемии: векторы цифровой трансформации // Социологические исследования. 2022. № 4. С. 149-151. EDN: IVSVOX doi: 10.31857/S013216250018694-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reshetnikov AV, Shamshurina NG, Shamshurin VI. Economics and management in healthcare: Textbook and workshop. 2nd ed. Moscow: Yurayt Publishing House; 2020 (In Russ.) EDN: KSZBPT</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Решетников А.В., Шамшурина Н.Г., Шамшурин В.И. Экономика и управление в здравоохранении. 2-е изд. Москва: Издательство Юрайт, 2020. EDN: KSZBPT</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berdutin VA, Abaeva OP, Romanova TE, Romanov SV. Application of artificial intelligence in medicine: achievements and prospects. Literature review. Part 1. Sociology of medicine. 2022;21(1):83-96 EDN: ZGRLWS doi: 10.17816/socm106054</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бердутин В.А., Абаева О.П., Романова Т.Е., Романов С.В. Применение искусственного интеллекта в медицине: достижения и перспективы. Обзор литературы. Часть 1 // Социология медицины. 2022. Т. 21, № 1. C. 83-96. EDN: ZGRLWS doi: 10.17816/socm106054</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berdutin VA, Abaeva OP, Romanova TE, Romanov SV. Application of artificial intelligence in medicine: achievements and prospects. literature review. Part 2. Sociology of medicine. 2022;21(2):77-83 EDN: VLBRCV doi: 10.17816/socm107908</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бердутин В.А., Абаева О.П., Романова Т.Е., Романов С.В. Применение искусственного интеллекта в медицине: достижения и перспективы. Обзор литературы. Часть 2 // Социология медицины. 2022. Т. 21, № 2. C. 203-209. EDN: VLBRCV doi: 10.17816/socm107908</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">4 Common Ways That AI Driven Medical Devices Can Fail. In: JD Supra [Internet]. Sausalito: JD Supra, LLC, 2024 [cited 2024 Wed 24]. Available from: https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/4-common-ways-that-ai-driven-medical-3346085/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">4 Common Ways That AI Driven Medical Devices Can Fail. В: JD Supra [Интернет]. Sausalito: JD Supra, LLC, 2023. Режим доступа: https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/4-common-ways-that-ai-driven-medical-3346085/ Дата обращения: 24.01.2024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quinn TP, Senadeera M, Jacobs S, Coghlan S, Le V. Trust and medical AI: the challenges we face and the expertise needed to overcome them. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2021;28(4):890-894. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa268</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quinn T.P., Senadeera M., Jacobs S., Coghlan S., Le V. Trust and medical AI: the challenges we face and the expertise needed to overcome them // J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2021. Vol. 28, N 4. P. 890-894. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa268</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reshetnikov AV, Moiseenko NV, Khachaturyants GA. Transparency of medicines and medical devices accounting in medical organizations — current challenges and opportunities. Compulsory health insurance in the Russian Federation. 2020;(1):52-57 (In Russ.) EDN: GDBPZD</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Решетников А.В., Моисеенко Н.В., Хачатурьянц Г.А. Прозрачность учета лекарственных средств и медицинских изделий в медицинских организациях - актуальные задачи и возможности // Обязательное медицинское страхование в российской федерации. 2020. № 1. С. 52-57 EDN: GDBPZD</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brundage M, Avin S, Clark J, et al. The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 Thu 21]. Available from: https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/3d82daa4-97fe-4096-9c6b-376b92c619de/downloads/MaliciousUseofAI.pdf?ver=1553030594217</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brundage M., Avin S., Clark J., et al. The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation. [Internet]. 2018. Режим доступа: https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/3d82daa4-97fe-4096-9c6b-376b92c619de/downloads/MaliciousUseofAI.pdf?ver=1553030594217 Дата обращения: 21.09.2023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stoecklin MP, Jang J, Kirat D. DeepLocker: How AI Can Power a Stealthy New Breed of Malware. [Internet]. Security Intelligence; 2018. [cited 2023 Thu 21]. Available from: https://securityintelligence.com/deeplocker-how-ai-can-power-a-stealthy-new-breed-of-malware/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stoecklin M.P., Jang J., Kirat D. DeepLocker: How AI Can Power a Stealthy New Breed of Malware. Security Intelligence. [Internet]. 2018. Режим доступа: https://securityintelligence.com/deeplocker-how-ai-can-power-a-stealthy-new-breed-of-malware/ Дата обращения: 21.09.2023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berdutin V. Socionic vision on Bioethics and Deontology. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing; 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berdutin V. Socionic vision on Bioethics and Deontology. Lap Lambert Academic Publishing, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reshetnikov A, Fedorova J, Prisyazhnaya N, et al. Health management for sustainable development. In: 2018 Second World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems, Security and Sustainability (WorldS4). IEEE, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reshetnikov A., Fedorova J., Prisyazhnaya N., et al. Health management for sustainable development. В кн.: 2018 Second World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems, Security and Sustainability (WorldS4). IEEE, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Powles J, Hodson H. Google DeepMind and healthcare in an age of algorithms. Health Technol. 2017;7(4):351-367. doi:10.1007/s12553-017-0179-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powles J., Hodson H. Google DeepMind and healthcare in an age of algorithms // Health Technol. 2017. Vol. 7, N 4. P. 351-367. doi:10.1007/s12553-017-0179-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Howard A, Borenstein J. The ugly truth about ourselves and our robot creations: the problem of bias and social inequity. Sci Eng Ethics. 2018;24(5):1521-1536. doi: 10.1007/s11948-017-9975-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Howard A., Borenstein J. The ugly truth about ourselves and our robot creations: the problem of bias and social inequity // Sci Eng Ethics. 2018. Vol. 24, N 5. P. 152-36. doi: 10.1007/s11948-017-9975-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma X, Niu Y, Gu L, et al. Understanding adversarial attacks on deep learning based medical image analysis systems. Pattern Recogn. 2020;107332 doi: 10.1016/j.patcog.2020.107332</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma X., Niu Y., Gu L., et al. Understanding adversarial attacks on deep learning based medical image analysis systems // Pattern Recogn. 2020. P. 107332 doi: 10.1016/j.patcog.2020.107332</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reddy S, Allan S, Coghlan S, Cooper P. A governance model for the application of AI in health care. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020;27(3):491-497. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocz192</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reddy S., Allan S., Coghlan S., Cooper P. A governance model for the application of AI in health care // J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020. Vol. 27, N 3. P. 491-497. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocz192</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babel B, Buehler K, Pivonka A, Richardson B, Waldron D. Derisking machine learning and artificial intelligence. Technical report. [Internet]. McKinsey&amp;Company; 2019. [cited 2023 Thu 21]. Available from: https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/risk/our-insights/derisking-machine-learning-and-artificial-intelligence</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Babel B., Buehler K., Pivonka A., Richardson B., Waldron D. Derisking machine learning and artificial intelligence. Technical report. [Internet]. McKinsey&amp;Company, 2019. Режим доступа: https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/risk/our-insights/derisking-machine-learning-and-artificial-intelligence Дата обращения: 21.09.2023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bottou L. From machine learning to machine reasoning. Mach Learn. 2014;94(2):133-149. doi: 10.1007/s10994-013-5335-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bottou L. From machine learning to machine reasoning // Mach Learn. 2014. Vol. 94, N 2. P. 133-149. doi: 10.1007/s10994-013-5335-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artificial intelligence for authentic engagement: patient perspectives on health care’s evolving AI conversation. [Internet]. Syneos Health Communications; 2018. [cited 2023 Fri 22]. Available from: https://syneoshealthcommunications.com/perspectives/artificial-intelligence-for-authentic-engagement</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Artificial intelligence for authentic engagement: patient perspectives on health care’s evolving AI conversation. [Internet]. Syneos Health Communications. 2018. Режим доступа: https://syneoshealthcommunications.com/perspectives/artificial-intelligence-for-authentic-engagement Дата обращения: 22.09.2023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vayena E, Blasimme A, Cohen IG. Machine learning in medicine: Addressing ethical challenges. PLoS Med. 2018;15(11):e1002689. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002689</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vayena E., Blasimme A., Cohen I.G. Machine learning in medicine: addressing ethical challenges // PLoS Med. 2018. Vol. 15, N 11. P. e1002689. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002689</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alvarez-Melis D, Jaakkola TS. Towards robust interpretability with self-explaining neural networks. In: Proceedings of 32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS). Montreal; 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alvarez-Melis D., Jaakkola T.S. Towards robust interpretability with self-explaining neural networks. В кн.: Proceedings of 32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS). Montreal, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grote T, Berens P. On the ethics of algorithmic decision-making in healthcare. J Med Ethics. 2020;46(3):205-211. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2019-105586</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grote T., Berens P. On the ethics of algorithmic decision-making in healthcare // J Med Ethics. 2020. Vol. 46, N 3. P. 205-211. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2019-105586</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Payrovnaziri SN, Chen Z, Rengifo-Moreno P, et al. Explainable artificial intelligence models using real-world electronic health record data: a systematic scoping review. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020;27(7):1173-1185. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Payrovnaziri S.N., Chen Z., Rengifo-Moreno P., et al. Explainable artificial intelligence models using real-world electronic health record data: a systematic scoping review // J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020. Vol. 27, N 7. P. 1173-1185. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa053</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DeCamp M, Lindvall C. Latent bias and the implementation of artificial intelligence in medicine. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020;27(12):2020-2023. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa094</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DeCamp M., Lindvall C. Latent bias and the implementation of artificial intelligence in medicine // J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020. Vol. 27, N 12. P. 2020-2023. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa094</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bjerring JC, Busch J. Artificial intelligence and patient-centered decision-making. Philos Technol. 2021;34:349-371. doi: 10.1007/s13347-019-00391-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bjerring J.C., Busch J. Artificial intelligence and patient-centered decision-making // Philos Technol. 2021. Vol. 34. P. 349-371. doi: 10.1007/s13347-019-00391-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ploug T, Holm S. The right to refuse diagnostics and treatment planning by artificial intelligence. Med Health Care Philos. 2020;23(1):107-114. doi: 10.1007/s11019-019-09912-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ploug T., Holm S. The right to refuse diagnostics and treatment planning by artificial intelligence // Med Health Care Philos. 2020. Vol. 23, N 1. P. 107-114. doi: 10.1007/s11019-019-09912-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagendran M, Chen Y, Lovejoy CA, et al. Artificial intelligence versus clinicians: systematic review of design, reporting standards, and claims of deep learning studies. BMJ. 2020;368:m689. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m689</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagendran M., Chen Y., Lovejoy C.A., et al. Artificial intelligence versus clinicians: systematic review of design, reporting standards, and claims of deep learning studies // BMJ. 2020. Vol. 368. P. m689. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m689</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gunning D, Aha D. DARPA’s Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) program. AIMag. 2019;40(2):44-58. doi: 10.1609/aimag.v40i2.2850</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gunning D., Aha D. DARPA’s Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) program // AIMag. 2019. Vol. 40, N 2. P. 44-58. doi: 10.1609/aimag.v40i2.2850</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dalton-Brown S. The Ethics of Medical AI and the Physician-Patient Relationship. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2020;29(1):115-121. doi: 10.1017/S0963180119000847</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dalton-Brown S. The ethics of medical AI and the physician-patient relationship // Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2020. Vol. 29, N 1. P. 115-121. doi: 10.1017/S0963180119000847</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proposed regulatory framework for modifications to artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML)-based software as a medical device (SaMD): Discussion Paper. [Internet]. FDA; 2019. [cited 2023 Fri 22]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/media/122535/download</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Proposed regulatory framework for modifications to artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML)-based software as a medical device (SaMD): Discussion Paper. [Internet]. FDA, 2019. Режим доступа: https://www.fda.gov/media/122535/download Дата обращения: 22.09.2023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shukla S. Enhancing Healthcare Insights, Exploring Diverse Use-Cases with K-means Clustering. International Journal of Management, IT &amp; Engineering. 2023;13(8):60-68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shukla S. Enhancing healthcare insights, exploring diverse use-cases with K-means clustering // International Journal of Management, IT &amp; Engineering. 2023. Vol. 13, N 8. P. 60-68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keane PA, Topol EJ. With an eye to AI and autonomous diagnosis. NPJ Digit Med. 2018;1:40. doi: 10.1038/s41746-018-0048-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keane P.A., Topol E.J. With an eye to AI and autonomous diagnosis // NPJ Digit Med. 2018. Vol. 1. P. 40. doi: 10.1038/s41746-018-0048-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Winkler JK, Fink C, Toberer F, et al. Association Between Surgical Skin Markings in Dermoscopic Images and Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network for Melanoma Recognition. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(10):1135-1141. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.1735</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Winkler J.K., Fink C., Toberer F., et al. Association between surgical skin markings in dermoscopic images and diagnostic performance of a deep learning convolutional neural network for melanoma recognition // JAMA Dermatol. 2019. Vol. 155, N 10. P. 1135-1141. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.1735</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelly CJ, Karthikesalingam A, Suleyman M, Corrado G, King D. Key challenges for delivering clinical impact with artificial intelligence. BMC Med. 2019;17(1):195. doi: 10.1186/s12916-019-1426-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelly С.J., Karthikesalingam A., Suleyman M., Corrado G., King D. Key challenges for delivering clinical impact with artificial intelligence // BMC Medicine. 2019. Vol. 17, N 1. P. 195. doi: 10.1186/s12916-019-1426-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berdutin VA, Berdutina EV. Logistics of applied solutions for lean healthcare and socionic typology. Beau Bassin: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing; 2020. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бердутин В.А., Бердутина Э.В. Логистика прикладных решений для бережливого здравоохранения и соционическая типология. Beau Bassin: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giuste FO, Sequeira R, Keerthipati V, et al. Explainable synthetic image generation to improve risk assessment of rare pediatric heart transplant rejection. J Biomed Inform. 2023;139:104303. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104303</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giuste F.O., Sequeira R., Keerthipati V.,et al. Explainable synthetic image generation to improve risk assessment of rare pediatric heart transplant rejection // Journal of Biomedical Informatics. 2023. Vol. 139, N 3. P. 104303. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104303</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
